@article{Wallace:1981:MTR,
number = {3},
volume = {15},
month = aug,
optwww = {},
author = {Bruce A. Wallace},
optkey = {},
optstatus = {},
url = {http://graphics.stanford.edu/papers/merging-sig81/},
localfile = {papers/Wallace.1981.MTR.pdf},
abstract = {The task of assembling drawings and backgrounds together for each
frame of an animated sequence has always been a tedious
undertaking using conventional animation camera stands and has
contributed to the high cost of animation production. In addition,
the physical limitations that these camera stands place on the
manipulation of the individual artwork levels restricts the total
image-making possibilities afforded by traditional cartoon
animation. Documents containing all frame assembly information
must also be maintained. This paper presents several computer
methods for assisting in the production of cartoon animation, both
to reduce expense and to improve the overall quality. Merging is
the process of combining levels of artwork into a final composite
frame using digital computer graphics. The term "level" refers to
a single painted drawing (cel) or background. A method for the
simulation of any hypothetical animation camera set-up is
introduced. A technique is presented for reducing the total number
of merges by retaining merged groups consisting of individual
levels which do not change over successive frames. Lastly, a
sequence-editing system which controls precise definition of an
animated sequence, is described. Also discussed is the actual
method for merging any two adjacent levels and several
computational and storage optimizations to speed the process.},
title = {{M}erging and {T}ransformation of {R}aster {I}mages for {C}artoon
{A}nimation},
doi = {http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/965161.806813},
journal = SIGGRAPH81,
year = {1981},
pages = {253--262},
}
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