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[Win02]  Implementing Non-Photorealistic Rendering Enhancements with Real-Time Performance

Winnemoeller:2002:INR (Master's thesis)
Author(s)Winnemöller H.
Title« Implementing Non-Photorealistic Rendering Enhancements with Real-Time Performance »
SchoolComputer Science Department, Rhodes University
Year2002
AddressSouth Africa

Abstract
We describe quality and performance enhancements, which work in real-time, to all well-known Non-photorealistic (NPR) rendering styles for use in an interactive context. These include Comic rendering, Sketch rendering, Hatching and Painterly rendering, but we also attempt and justify a widening of the established definition of what is considered NPR. In the individual Chapters, we identify typical stylistic elements of the different NPR styles. We list problems that need to be solved in order to implement the various renderers. Standard solutions available in the literature are introduced and in all cases extended and optimised. In particular, we extend the lighting model of the comic renderer to include a specular component and introduce multiple inter-related but independent geometric approximations which greatly improve rendering performance. We implement two completely different solutions to random perturbation sketching, solve temporal coherence issues for coal sketching and find an unexpected use for 3D textures to implement hatch-shading. Textured brushes of painterly rendering are extended by properties such as stroke-direction and texture, motion, paint capacity, opacity and emission, making them more flexible and versatile. Brushes are also provided with a minimal amount of intelligence, so that they can help in maximising screen coverage of brushes. We furthermore devise a completely new NPR style, which we call super-realistic and show how sample images can be tweened in real-time to produce an image-based six degree-of-freedom renderer performing at roughly 450 frames per second. Performance values for our other renderers all lie between 10 and over 400 frames per second on home-PC hardware, justifying our real-time claim. A large number of sample screen-shots, illustrations and animations demonstrate the visual fidelity of our rendered images. In essence, we successfully achieve our attempted goals of increasing the creative, expressive and communicative potential of individual NPR styles, increasing performance of most of them, adding original and interesting visual qualities, and exploring new techniques or existing ones in novel ways.

BibTeX code
@mastersthesis{Winnemoeller:2002:INR,
  opturl = {},
  month = feb,
  optwww = {},
  author = {Holger Winnem{\"o}ller},
  optkey = {},
  optannote = {},
  opttype = {},
  title = {{I}mplementing {N}on-{P}hotorealistic {R}endering {E}nhancements with
           {R}eal-{T}ime {P}erformance},
  abstract = {We describe quality and performance enhancements, which work in
              real-time, to all well-known Non-photorealistic (NPR) rendering
              styles for use in an interactive context. These include Comic
              rendering, Sketch rendering, Hatching and Painterly rendering, but
              we also attempt and justify a widening of the established
              definition of what is considered NPR. In the individual Chapters,
              we identify typical stylistic elements of the different NPR
              styles. We list problems that need to be solved in order to
              implement the various renderers. Standard solutions available in
              the literature are introduced and in all cases extended and
              optimised. In particular, we extend the lighting model of the
              comic renderer to include a specular component and introduce
              multiple inter-related but independent geometric approximations
              which greatly improve rendering performance. We implement two
              completely different solutions to random perturbation sketching,
              solve temporal coherence issues for coal sketching and find an
              unexpected use for 3D textures to implement hatch-shading.
              Textured brushes of painterly rendering are extended by properties
              such as stroke-direction and texture, motion, paint capacity,
              opacity and emission, making them more flexible and versatile.
              Brushes are also provided with a minimal amount of intelligence,
              so that they can help in maximising screen coverage of brushes. We
              furthermore devise a completely new NPR style, which we call
              super-realistic and show how sample images can be tweened in
              real-time to produce an image-based six degree-of-freedom renderer
              performing at roughly 450 frames per second. Performance values
              for our other renderers all lie between 10 and over 400 frames per
              second on home-PC hardware, justifying our real-time claim. A
              large number of sample screen-shots, illustrations and animations
              demonstrate the visual fidelity of our rendered images. In
              essence, we successfully achieve our attempted goals of increasing
              the creative, expressive and communicative potential of individual
              NPR styles, increasing performance of most of them, adding
              original and interesting visual qualities, and exploring new
              techniques or existing ones in novel ways.},
  school = {Computer Science Department, Rhodes University},
  address = {South Africa},
  localfile = {papers/Winnemoeller.2002.INR.pdf},
  year = {2002},
}

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